On 21 March every year, we celebrate the International Day of Forests. This year, the theme is “Forests and health”, which draws our attention to the crucial importance of forests to human and ecosystem health in Africa, especially in a post-pandemic world.
It is common knowledge that forests cover a significant portion of Africa, providing several valuable resources, including timber, non-timber forest products, and wildlife resources. However, beyond their economic value, forests are also essential to our physical and mental well-being as much as they are to ecosystem health, functioning, and productivity. They are critical in maintaining air quality, as they absorb carbon dioxide and other pollutants and release oxygen. Moreover, the trees and other vegetation in forests act as natural air filters, trapping dust and other particulate matter that cause respiratory challenges. Hence, the loss of forests can have severe human health consequences, particularly in regions where air pollution is already a significant problem such as urban and peri-urban areas.
The benefits of forests to human health stretch beyond air quality. It is proven that spending time in nature, including forests, can reduce stress and anxiety, lower blood pressure, and boost the immune system. Forests also provide opportunities for physical activity, which can improve cardiovascular health and reduce the risk of obesity and other chronic conditions. In many parts of Africa, particularly in rural areas, forests are a crucial source of clean water, food, and medicine, used for centuries by local communities and indigenous people for their nutritional and medicinal needs.
Therefore, the loss of forests can have significant impacts on the health and well-being of communities, which may lose access to essential resources. Unfortunately, forests in Africa are under threat from a range of factors, including conversion to agricultural land, illegal logging, and mining, as well as climate change and natural disasters.
Addressing the challenges of forest loss and degradation is vital for our health and well-being. This can be through: Promoting sustainable land use practices that minimize the impact of agriculture, logging, and other activities on forests. Supporting efforts to combat climate change, to mitigate the negative effects of natural disasters and other environmental pressures on forests. Encouraging the preservation of indigenous knowledge and practices related to the use of forest resources for food and medicine. Educating and raising awareness about the importance of forests to human health and well-being, and promoting policies and practices that reflect this understanding.
Recognizing the critical importance of forests to human health and well-being, and acting to protect them will ensure that our forests continue to provide us with the resources and benefits we need to thrive for generations to come.
